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APA ITU CSR? PENGERTIAN CSR Corporate Social
Responsibilty
Definisi
CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) adalah suatu tindakan atau konsep yang
dilakukan oleh perusahaan (sesuai kemampuan perusahaan tersebut) sebagai
bentuk tanggungjawab mereka terhadap sosial/lingkungan sekitar dimana
perusahaan itu berada. COntoh bentuk tanggungjawab itu bermacam-macam, mulai
dari melakukan kegiatan yang dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan
perbaikan lingkungan, pemberian beasiswa untuk anak tidak mampu, pemberian
dana untuk pemeliharaan fasilitas umum, sumbangan untuk desa/fasilitas
masyarakat yang bersifat sosial dan berguna untuk masyarakat banyak,
khususnya masyarakat yang berada di sekitar perusahaan tersebut berada. Corporate
Social Responsibility (CSR) merupakan fenomena strategi perusahaan yang
mengakomodasi kebutuhan dan kepentingan stakeholder-nya. CSR timbul sejak era
dimana kesadaran akan sustainability perusahaan jangka panjang adalah lebih
penting daripada sekedar profitability.
Seberapa jauhkah CSR berdampak positif
bagi masyarakat ?
CSR
akan lebih berdampak positif bagi masyarakat; ini akan sangat tergantung dari
orientasi dan kapasitas lembaga dan organisasi lain, terutama pemerintah.
Studi Bank Dunia (Howard Fox, 2002) menunjukkan, peran pemerintah yang
terkait dengan CSR meliputi pengembangan kebijakan yang menyehatkan pasar,
keikutsertaan sumber daya, dukungan politik bagi pelaku CSR, menciptakan
insentif dan peningkatan kemampuan organisasi. Untuk Indonesia, bisa
dibayangkan, pelaksanaan CSR membutuhkan dukungan pemerintah daerah,
kepastian hukum, dan jaminan ketertiban sosial. Pemerintah dapat mengambil
peran penting tanpa harus melakukan regulasi di tengah situasi hukum dan
politik saat ini. Di tengah persoalan kemiskinan dan keterbelakangan yang
dialami Indonesia, pemerintah harus berperan sebagai koordinator penanganan
krisis melalui CSR (Corporate Social Responsibilty). Pemerintah bisa
menetapkan bidang-bidang penanganan yang menjadi fokus, dengan masukan pihak
yang kompeten. Setelah itu, pemerintah memfasilitasi, mendukung, dan memberi
penghargaan pada kalangan bisnis yang mau terlibat dalam upaya besar ini.
Pemerintah juga dapat mengawasi proses interaksi antara pelaku bisnis dan
kelompok-kelompok lain agar terjadi proses interaksi yang lebih adil dan
menghindarkan proses manipulasi atau pengancaman satu pihak terhadap yang
lain.
Sumber: kesimpulan dari beberapa artikel tentang CSR
Pengertian CSR dalam Bahasa Inggeris
Corporate Social Responsibility ( CSR )
Corporate social responsibility (CSR, also called corporate responsibility,
corporate citizenship, responsible business and corporate social opportunity)
is a concept whereby organizations consider the interests of society by
taking responsibility for the impact of their activities on customers,
suppliers, employees, shareholders, communities and other stakeholders, as
well as the environment. This obligation is seen to extend beyond the
statutory obligation to comply with legislation and sees organizations
voluntarily taking further steps to improve the quality of life for employees
and their families as well as for the local community and society at large.
The practice of CSR is subject to much debate and criticism. Proponents argue
that there is a strong business case for CSR, in that corporations benefit in
multiple ways by operating with a perspective broader and longer than their
own immediate, short-term profits. Critics argue that CSR distracts from the
fundamental economic role of businesses; others argue that it is nothing more
than superficial window-dressing; still others argue that it is an attempt to
preempt the role of governments as a watchdog over powerful multinational
corporations.
Development
Business ethics is a form of the art of applied ethics that examines ethical
principles and moral or ethical problems that can arise in a business
environment. In the increasingly conscience-focused marketplaces of the 21st
century, the demand for more ethical business processes and actions (known as
ethicism) is increasing. Simultaneously, pressure is applied on industry to
improve business ethics through new public initiatives and laws (e.g. higher
UK road tax for higher-emission vehicles). Business ethics can be both a
normative and a descriptive discipline. As a corporate practice and a career
specialization, the field is primarily normative. In academia, descriptive
approaches are also taken. The range and quantity of business ethical issues
reflects the degree to which business is perceived to be at odds with
non-economic social values. Historically, interest in business ethics
accelerated dramatically during the 1980s and 1990s, both within major
corporations and within academia. For example, today most major corporate
websites lay emphasis on commitment to promoting non-economic social values
under a variety of headings (e.g. ethics codes, social responsibility
charters). In some cases, corporations have re-branded their core values in
the light of business ethical considerations (e.g. BP's "beyond
petroleum" environmental tilt). The term CSR itself came in to common
use in the early 1970s although it was seldom abbreviated. The term
stakeholder, meaning those impacted by an organization's activities, was used
to describe corporate owners beyond shareholders from around 1989.
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